AHB vs AXI Comparison

Understanding why we moved from Shared Bus (AHB) to Crossbar/NoC (AXI).

1. Architecture: Shared vs Point-to-Point

AHB (Shared Bus): Only ONE Master can grant the bus at a time. The Arbiter decides. If Master A is writing, Master B must wait. Good for simple, low-latency control logic.

AXI (Point-to-Point / Crossbar): Handles 5 independent channels. Multiple Masters can talk to Multiple Slaves simultaneously. Supports out-of-order return. Optimized for High Bandwidth (Video/DDR).

2. Feature Comparison

Feature AHB AXI
Channels Shared (Addr, WData, RData phases) 5 Dedicated (AR, AW, W, R, B)
Duplex Half Duplex (Read OR Write) Full Duplex (Read AND Write same time)
Phase Pipelined (Addr Phase N, Data Phase N+1) Decoupled (Addr/Data independent)
Burst Fixed length needed early (often) Supports streaming/indefinite