Verilog Operators

Logical, Bitwise, Reduction, and Conditional operators.

Beginner Level

Difference between `==` and `===`? (Tricky)

`==` (Logical Equality): Returns X if any operand contains X or Z.

`===` (Case Equality): Compares X and Z as literal values. Returns 0 or 1 always. Not synthesizable.

What is the Reduction Operator? Example?

It accepts a vector and returns a single bit. `&a` (ANDs all bits of a), `|a` (ORs all bits). Useful for parity checks or checking if 'All Ones'.

Intermediate Level

Difference between `>>` and `>>>`?

`>>` (Logical Shift): Shifts right, fills with 0.

`>>>` (Arithmetic Shift): Shifts right, fills with Sign Bit (if declared signed). Important for signed math.